There isn’t one universal age, because it depends on the insurance company and policy type, but many carriers start restricting coverage on asphalt shingle roofs once they’re 15 to 20 years old.
Some companies won’t write new policies on roofs over 20 years old, and others switch older roofs to Actual Cash Value (ACV) instead of full Replacement Cost coverage, meaning depreciation is deducted from claim payouts.